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Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to make plastics soft and flexible. They're commonly found in jelly rubber, PVC, and vinyl sex toys. Research has linked phthalate exposure to endocrine disruption, reproductive harm, and developmental issues. The EU has banned several phthalates in toys and childcare products. "Phthalate-free" means the manufacturer certifies the product contains none of these chemicals. Silicone, glass, stainless steel, and ABS plastic are inherently phthalate-free. If a toy is labeled "phthalate-free" but is made of jelly rubber or PVC, be skeptical — the base material is still porous and problematic.